Dictionary of words or expressions used in classes

Age - Action of lifting, lifting

Age tsuki – Punch in ascending direction

Age uke – Defense against a high level attack, with a closed fist in an ascending direction

ashi barai – foot sweep

Barai - Sweep

Bo - Long stick

Budo – Warrior Way, Martial Arts

Choku - Direct

Choku-tsuki – Direct hit

Chudan – Medium level (from neck to waist)

Chukoken – Closed fist with middle finger bent and slightly protruding (same as "nakadaka ken")

Dachi - Position

Dan – Level, degree (black belt)

Do – Via, way

Dojo – Budo training site

Embusen – Diagram of a kata

Empi – Elbow, same as "hiji"

Empi-uchi – Elbow strike (same as "hiji-ate")

Empi-uke – Elbow Defense

Fudo-dachi – Position similar to "kiba-dachi" but with feet turned slightly inward

Fumi - crush

Fumikomi – Karate-do technique that consists of kicking from top to bottom with the sole of the foot

Gedan - Low Level (from the waist down)

Gedan kake-uke – Hook Wrist Leg Attack Defense

Gedan tsuki – Punch towards the opponent's low area

Gedan barai – Arm Defense to a Low Level Attack

Geri – Kick Geri Waza – Kick Techniques

Gi – Suit for the practice of Budo (Judogi, Karategi, Aikidogi, etc.), composed of Uwagi (coat), Zubon (pants) and Obi (belt)

Gyaku – Contrary, reverse

Gyaku-hanmi – Relative position of two practitioners, with the opposite legs in front

Gyaku-tsuki – Punch given with the hand opposite the front leg Hachiji-dachi – Position of the beginning and end of a large number of katas in which the feet form the kanji “Hachi” (eight)

Haishu – Back of the hand

Haishu-uchi – Back of open hand attack Haishu-uke – Back of open hand defense Haisoku – Front of instep

Haito-uchi – Strike given with the open hand and with the side of the thumb

Hajime – Start, start

Hangetsu-dachi – Intermediate position between "zenkutsu-dachi" and "zanshin-dachi"

Hara - Abdomen

Heian – Name of 5 basic kata of Karate-do (shodan, nidan, sandan, yodan and godan)

Heiko – Parallel

Heiko-dashi – Standing position with feet parallel

Heisoku – Feet together and parallel

Heisoku-dachi – Standing with feet together

Hidari - Left

Hiji - Elbow

Hiji-ate – Elbow strike (same as "empi-uchi")

Hiji-uke – Elbow Blocking Action

Hiki-te – Retreat from wrist to hip

Hikiwake-uke – Defense with both forearms in front of the body

Hiza – Knee Hiza-geri – Knee Blow

Hiza-uke – Knee Defense

Horan-no-kamae – Starting position of some kata in which the hand covers the closed fist

Ippon – One (point, step, attack, etc.)

Ippon-ken - Index finger bent and protruding

Ippon-kumite – Exercises with partner with 1 attack 1 defense

Irimi – Entry move (in the opponent's circle)

Jiyu – Free

Jiyu-ippon-kumite – Free (controlled) combat with a single attack

Jiyu-kumite – Controlled exercises with a partner where combat forms are free

Jo - Tall

Jo - Medium length stick

Jodan – High level (from the neck up)

Jodan age-uke – High level forward block with forearm

Jodan oi-tsuki – Punch aimed at the face with the arm on the side of the forward leg

Jodan shuto barai – Saber hand sweeping defense at high level

Joseki – Top side, place of honor (in the dojo, the south wall, to the right of the main wall)

Juji-uke – Defense with crossed arms, up or down

Ju-kumite – Smooth Combat

Kaeshi – Twist, Counter Attack

Kaeshi-waza – Counterattack Techniques

Kaette – Turn, come back

Kaisho-waza – Open Hand Techniques

Kaiten – Kakato Rotation – Heel

Kakato-geri – Heel kick

Kamae – Defense Position

Kamaete – Order to take position

Kamiza – Main wall of the dojo, on the east side, where the Tokonoma is located

Kangeiko – Intensive Winter Sho training")

Kansetsu – Articulation

Kansetsu-waza – Dislocation Techniques

Kara - Empty

Karate-do – The Way of the Empty Hands

Karateka – Karate Practitioner

Kata – Form of training, with or without a partner, with predetermined technique sequences

Kata – Shoulder Katame (Gatame, in composition) – Immobilization, control

Katana - Sword

Katate-dori – Grab the opponent's wrist with one hand

Keage – Fast ascending movement Keiko – Training

Kekomi – penetrating movement

Ken – Saber sword

Kendo – Art of Japanese fencing

Keri (Geri, in composition) – Kick

Keri-waza – Kick Techniques

Ki – Energy, vital force, spirit

Kiai – Externalization of energy through scream

Kiba-dachi – Knight Position

Kihon – Basic Techniques

Kihon-ippon-kumite – Basic Karate-do training with one attack and one defense

Kime – Concentration of physical and mental energy, decision

Kin-geri – Instep forward kick (literally, golden kick)

Kiritsu - Raise

Kiza – Kneeling position where the toes are facing forward Kohai – Younger practitioner, the opposite of Sempai

Kokoro – Spirit, heart

Kokutsu-dachi – Position in which the body is supported on the back leg, slightly bent

Kokyu – Respiratory Strength

Kosa-dori – Grasping with one hand the wrist on the opposite side of the opponent

Koshi (goshi, in composition) – Hip

Kote - Pulse

Kote gaeshi – Twisting the wrist towards the forearm, Aikido technique

Kubi - Neck

Kumite - Combat

Kyu – Student degree

Maai – correct distance

Mother - Front

Mae geri – Kick Forward

Mae ukemi - Front Winding

Mae-tobi-geri – Jump Kick Forward – Roll Up

Makiwara – Traditionally rolled straw target for Karate-do or Kyudo training

Mawashi – Circular movement

Mawashi-empi – Circular elbow tapping technique

Mawashi-geri – Circular Kick Technique

Migi – Right Mikazuki – Crescent Moon

Mikazuki-geri – Attack with the sole of the foot describing a circle

Mokuso – Literally: not thinking. Concentration attitude performed during the ceremonial beginning and end of Budo Morote practice - Both hands

Morote-dori – Grasping the wrists with both hands

Morote-tsuki – Punch with both fists

Morote-uke – Defense reinforced with the back fist or hand close to the elbow of the front arm

Musubi-dachi – Heel-together position

Neko-ashi-dachi – Cat-legged position, similar to "kokutsu-dachi" but shorter, in which the body weight is almost entirely on the back leg.

Nukite – Attack with fingers together and outstretched

Obi - Belt

Oi-tsuki – Punch with the fist on the side of the front leg, straight

Okuri - Slide

Osae - Immobilization

Otagai-ni-rei – Mutual greeting

Otoshi – Top-Down Movement

Otoshi-empi-uchi – Top-down elbow strike, same as "otoshi-hiji-ate"

Otoshi-hiji-ate – Same as "otoshi-empi-uchi"

Otoshi-uke – Downward Forearm Defense

Randori – Free Fight

King - Greeting

Ritsu-rei – Standing salute

Ryu – Style, school

Sabaki – Dodge

Samurai – Japanese Warrior

Sanbon-Kumite – Combat with three attacks

Sanchin – Name of superior kata originating from Goju-ryu

Sanchin-dachi – Position similar to "zenkutsu-dachi" but shorter and with the front foot slightly turned inwards Seiza – Sit in a kneeling position

Sempai – Highest-Graduated Student, Senior

Sen-no-sen – Anticipation

Sensei - Teacher

Sensei-ni-rei – Greeting to the teacher

Sensei-ni-taishi-rei – Greeting towards the teacher

Shihan – High Grade Teacher

Shizentai – Natural body position, standing

Shomen-tsuki – Direct Front Attack

Shomen-uchi – Top-Down Front Attack

Shomen-ni-rei – Salute to the main wall of the dojo

Shomen-ni-taishi-rei – Salute towards the main wall of the dojo

Shuto – Hand saber (little finger side)

Shuto-barai – Karate-do defense, with sweeping done with the hand saber

Shuto-uchi – Karate-do hit with the side of the hand on a cleaver

Shuto-uke – Karate-do defense made with the side of the hand on a cleaver

Sochin – Name of a superior kata of Karate-do

Sode - Sleeve

Sokuto – Foot Saber, Little Toe Side

Soto - Outdoor

Soto-uke – Defense made with the outer side of the forearm

Tai-sabaki – Body dodge

Tatami – Japanese rug that covers the floor, where Judo and Aikido are practiced

Tate - Vertical

Te - Hand

Teisho – Palm of the hand

Teisho-uke – Palm Defense

Teisho-uchi – Hit with the palm of the hand sandan)

Tekubi – Pulse

Te-no-kata – Name of basic kata of Karate-do, with attack and defense techniques with arms

Tettsui - Outer side of the wrist

Tettsui-uchi – Slash with the side of the closed fist, on the side of the little finger

Tettsui-uke – Defense with the side of the fist

Tobi - Jump

Tobi-geri – Front Jump Kick

Tobi-waza – Jumping Techniques

Tokui – Stronger

Tokui-waza – Strongest, favorite technique

Tonfa – Agrarian instrument used in popular combat techniques

Tori – What attacks, what executes

Tsugi-ashi – Moving forward or backward without putting one leg in front of the other

Tsuki – Punch, punch

Uchi - Interior

Uchi-komi – Top-down attack entering the opponent's circle

Uchi-uke – Karate-do defense performed with the inner side of the forearm

Ude - Arm, forearm

Ude-waza – Arm Techniques

Uke – The attacker, in practice by two; what performs the fall

Ukemi – Fall, winding

Uki - Float

Ura – Movement performed by rotating; opponent's back

Uraken – Back of the hand

Ura-mawashi – Circular Kick Backward

Ushiro – Back, Back

Ushiro empi-uchi – Knocking back with the elbow

Ushiro mawashi-geri – Semi-circle kick backwards

Ushiro-geri kekomi – Piercing Back Kick

Waza - Yame Technique - Stop

Yari – Spear Techniques

Yasume – Relax Order Yoi – Attention Order

Yoko - sideways, sideways

Yoko-empi – Side elbow

Yoko-geri – Kick to the side

Yoko-geri-keage – Kick to the side given from the knee joint, returning the foot immediately to the rear

Yoko-geri-kekomi – Kick to the side with a piercing movement

Yokomen uchi – Lateral attack to the head

Yoko-tobi-geri – Kick to the side taken in jump

Yori-Ashi – Step where the rear leg advances first

Zanshin – Attitude of concentration

Za-rei - Salute in seiza

Zen - Front

Zen – Japanese discipline, one of the currents of Buddhism

Zenkutsu-dachi – Position with front leg bent and back leg straight with weight in front